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UNIT D STATES JOHN H. STEVENS AND WILLIAM H. WOOD, OF NEWARK, N. J ASSIGNORS TO THE OELLULOID MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEWV YORK, N. ,Y.

UTILIZING CELLULOID, 810., IN THE PRODUCTION OF ENAMELED GOODS OR VENEERING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329.093, dated October 27, 1885.

Application filed July 22, 1885. Serial No. 172,341.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN H. SrEvENs and WILLIAM H. W001), citizens of the United States and residents of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Utilizing Celluloid or Analogous Pyroxyline Compounds in the Production of Enameled Goods or Veneerings, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a new method of utilizing celluloid or analogous pyroxyline compounds in the production of enameled goods or veneering.

Compounds of pyroxyline have heretofore been used for covering surfaces and waterproofing fabrics. The direct application of a sheet of pyroxyline compound as a veneer is, however, impracticable, especially because its surface resists the ordinary adhesive agents used in the art. It has therefore been found necessary to supplement the sheet of pyroxyline material with a sheet of suitable fibrous substance to form what is known as a backing. Cloth, paper, and various other substances have been suggested, and have all been successfully attached to a pyroxyline surface. The general practice has been to render the sheet of pyroxyline material adhesive by softening it with a suitable solvent, after which it has been attached to the sheet to form the backing by means of pressure, the exposed side of the sheet receiving apolish by being pressed or rolled against a smooth surface of metal. In such processes the compound is necessarily in a green or unseasoned condition, and although the result at first presents a good appearance, as the solvent escapes the material warps and loses its polish. By means of our process, hereinafter described, we have overcome these difficulties, and are enabled to produce goods of superior durability and having other important advantages.

Our invention is based on the discovery that When high heat and great pressure are used it is possible to effectually unite a surface of seasoned pyroxyline material with surfaces of various fibrous substances without the use of a solvent, cement, or adhesive agent.

In carrying out our invention we take a (No specimens.)

that is afterward applied. The pile thus 6c formed, consisting of the polished metal plate, the sheet of pyroxyline material, the sheet to form the backing, and the cushion of blottingpaper, is placed in a steam table-press and subjected to about six hundred pounds pressure to'each square inch of surface, the heat being maintained at a temperature of about 220 to 250 Fahrenheit for from two to three minutes, or a length of time sufficient to effect- .ually unite the sheet of pyroxyline material and backing. After the press has been cooled the sheet of pyroyline material, with its backing, is stripped from the plate in a completed condition. The result of the operation is to effectually unite the backing to one side of 7 the sheet of pyroxyline material and to give to the exposed surface a polish that adds to its value and utility, while the product has little or no tendency to warp or buckle.

In using the word seasoned material we do not mean material which does not contain any solvents whatever. We prefer and recommend the use of sheets which contain the least percentage possible of solvent, but a good product may be made by using a sheet which has been imperfectly seasoned. By seasoned material, therefore, we mean any material which has been so far changed from the green state that its tendency to warp or buckle has been reduced or corrected so that when united to a backing the product will be substantially the same as if the sheet had been fully dried.

By using translucent or suitably-colored sheets of pyroxyline material with a figured or colored backing or an embossed or en- 5 graved plate, striking effects may be produced.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The within-described process of producing enameled goods, which consists in subject- :00

ing asheet of seasoned pyroxyline material and being in contact with a polished surface, suba material suitable to form a backing to a high stantially as described.

degree of heat and pressure While in contact Signed at Newark, in the county of Essex with each other, substantially as described. and State of New Jersey, this 21st day of July, 5 2. The Within-described process of forming A. D. 1885.

and finishing enameled goods, which consists JOHN H. STEVENS.

in-subjeoting a sheet of seasoned pyroxyline WILLIAM H. WOOD. material and a material suitable to form a Witnesses: backing to ahigh degree of heat and pressure, ABRAHAM MANNERS,

10 the exposed surface of the p yroxyline material HENRY 0. KLEMM. 

